Tenses

Please write it.

Madame Cama

MADAME CAMA

Extra questions:

1.What was the occasion in which Madame Cama spoke the words mentioned in the beginning of the lesson?

It was the International Socialist Conference

2.Where was it being held?

In Stuttgart, Germany

3.What was Madame Cama’s full name?

Her full name was Bhikaji Rustom Cama

4.Whom did she marry?

She married Rustom Cama, a rich lawyer.

5.How did the two differ in their ideologies of the British?

Rustom Cama was fond of the British and admired their culture whereas Madame Cama held different views about the British.

6.What were Madame Cama’s views about the British?

That the British kept India in poverty for their own selfish gains.

7.Why was Bhikaji sent to Britain in 1901?

In 1896 plague broke out in Bombay. Bhikaji worked very hard to save the victims.She caught the disease and was saved miraculously. She was sent for further treatment to Britain in 1901.

8.Name the two important nationalists whom Bhikaji interacted with while in Britain?

Shyamji Krishna Verma and Dadabhai Naoroji.

9.Why did the British refuse Bhikaji a return to India?

They were displeased with her revolutionary activities.

10.Under what condition were they ready to send her back to India?

Under the condition that she signed a statement declaring that she would not take part in anti-national activities.

11.Name the organisation that she started in Paris?

Paris Indian Society.

12.With whom did she start this organisation?

Singh Rewabhai Rana and Mynchershah Burjorji Godrej.

13.What are the names of her revolutionary writings?

Bande mataram and Madan’s Talwar.

14.What kind of a person do you think was Madame Cama?

Lover of independence, craved for independent India, strong willed, indomitable spirit, not ready to bow down even to a superior power hence maintained her own individuality, had the courage to go against her husband’s views at a time when women held a secondary position to man in society.

Through which place in India were these writing smuggled into India?

Pondicherry-a French colony.

Apart from fighting for India’s independence, what else did Bhikaji Cama support?

Gender equality.

Who influenced her in this?

Christabel Pankhurst and the Suffragette movement.

Till when did Madame Cama stay in exile in Europe?

Till 1935

What are the ways in which she has been honoured?

A stamp was issued to honour her memory, A patrol vessel of the Indian Coast Guard in 1997, was called ICGS Bhikaji Cama, Many streets in India are named after her.

What prestigious title has been conferred upon her?

Mother of the Indian revolution

Cell: The Building Blocks of Life

Question and Answers

 

Q: What is cytoplasm? How does it play an important role for cell?

Ans: Cytoplasm is a jelly like substance present between cell membrane and nucleus. It is like a factory campus where different activities take place simultaneously. This includes breaking and making of molecules that help to give energy. It deals with transport of components within and outside the cell. It contains organelles like nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus etc. It is present in plant and animal cell.

Q: What are the components of a nucleus?

  

• Ans: The nuclear membrane separates the nucleus from the cell cytoplasm.

•  The small spherical body inside the nucleus is called nucleolus.

•  The nucleus contains thread like network called chromatin.

•  When the cell divides the chromatin forms rod like structure which are called chromosomes.

•  The chromosomes carry genes that are responsible for transfer of traits/ characteristics from parents to offsprings.

•  Nucleus is absent in matured red blood cells.

Ques: Which is the power house of the cell? How does it function?

Ans:

 

• Mitochondria are small kidney shaped organelles found in both plant and animal cells.

• They are site of various chemical processes which lead to synthesis of energy rich molecules, which are used by the cells for doing work. Thus mitochondria are called power house of the cells.

•  Mitochondria use oxygen to generate these energy rich molecules.

•  A cell may contain one or more mitochondria

 

Ques: What are plastids?

 

 

 

• Plastids are membrane bound organelles.

•  These are found only in plant cells.

•  Plastids like chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis.

•  Some plastids also store starch, are called (amyloplasts)

 While some plastids help in synthesis of many types of molecules that are needed as cellular building blocks.

Ques: What is the other name for ribosomes?

Ans: Ribosome are also called cell’s protein factories because they help in synthesis of proteins.

Ques:  Why are vacuoles present in a cell?

Ans:  Vacuoles are like sac surrounded by a membrane. Vacuoles in general are used to store various substances as food, enzymes, and      waste for short period of time. Vacuole occupy between 30% to 90% of the total cell volume.

Important message

Dear children/freinds ,

We are proud Indians. we respect and salute our nation and the national flag too. So on this note we all take a pledge to hold the flag high and sing the national song loud. Never allow it to litter in the dustbins.Wishing you all a happy independence day.

 

From every INDIAN............

Ozymandias Questions and Answers

OZYMANDIAS

1.Whom does the poet meet?

A traveller from an antique land.

2.What kind of a place is the land visited by the traveller?

It’s a desert.

3.What does the poet mean by ‘Two vast and trunk less legs of stone’?

Just two huge legs of stone without a body.

4.What else did the traveler find in the sand?

He found a visage half sunk.

5.How was the visage?

It had a frown and a wrinkle on the lip. There was a sneer of cold command.

6.Explain:....that its sculptor well those passions read

The sculptor read those passions well and sculpted it on the visage or the face of the statue.

7.What is the only thing remaining in the vast desert?

The trunkless legs, the visage and the words on the pedestal.

8.What do the words tell us about the King?

He was a proud person

9.What lesson did you learn from the poetry?

Nothing lasts forever.

10.What features on the King’s face tell that he was proud?

He had a frown and a wrinkled lip on his face. His face also had a sneer of cold command.

11.What else tells that he was proud?

The inscription on the pedestal: ‘My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings: Look on

my works, ye mighty, and despair!”

12.Identify the Figures of speech in the poem

The entire poem is Metaphorical where there is implied comparisons between the King and

human attitude.

King of Kings is a Hyperbole . An exaggerated statement meant for emphasis.

‘Look on my works, ye Mighty , and despair!” Here it is an irony, where the King is boastful

of his achievements but what remains is stretches of sand.

13.What happens to people who are proud?

Nothing remains of them except evidences that they were proud.

14.What should be the qualities that achievers should imbibe?

They should be humble about their achievements and not boastful.

15.What will happen then?

Achievements and our name will not be forgotten by the sands of time. It will always be remembered.

16.Discuss the value of the poem.

The poem reminds powerful people that their power is only temporary. However much powerful people may wish to think that their power is immortal, they are only deceiving themselves. Earthly power is mutable/changeable, and indeed all human beings need to remember this lesson.

Life under microscope Q A

LIFE UNDER MICROSCOPE
Q1: Which of the following are organisms which can be macroscopic?
a) Bacteria
b) Fungi
c) Virus
d) Protozoa
Q2: Which of the following is not made using microorganisms?
a) Curd
b) Biscuits
c) Bhaji
d) Bread
Q3: How microorganisms are able to survive for years?
Ans: Because they remain inactive in spore form or show extra covering around them which protect them in harsh environments.
Q4: Answer in one word:
a) Name the group of microbes which are prokaryotic.
Ans: Bacteria
b) Which are the most abundant (mostly found) forms of life on earth?
Ans: Bacteria
c) Size of a bacterial cell
Ans: 0.2 to 100 micrometer
d) Locomotory structures present in bacterial cell
Ans: Flagella
e) Root like structure in fungi
Ans: Rhizoids
f) A fungus which do not have rhizoids.
Ans: Mucor
g) Name a protozoa that is autotrophic.
Ans: Euglena
h) Mushroom commonly consumed as food
Ans: Button and Oyster mushrooms
i) Virus causing common cold
Ans: Rhinovirus
j) Malaria is caused by protozoa
Ans: Plasmodium
k) Dengue is caused by
Ans: Dengue virus carried by Aedes mosquito
Q5: Match the following:
a) Coccus vibrio cholerae
b) Spirillum lactobacillus
c) Bacillus streptococcus
d) Vibrios minus
Q6: What is true for Thermoacidophiles?
a) Bacteria that survives in high temperature.
b) Bacteria that survives in acidic environment.
c) Microbes which survive in absence of oxygen
d) Bacteria that survive in high temperature and acidic environment.
Q7: Draw a labelled diagram of a bacterial cell.
Ans:
Q8: What is binary fission?
Ans: Binary fission is a method of reproduction in bacteria in which one cell divides and gives rise to two cells.
Q9: Match the following:
Ans: a) Spirogyra colonial
b) volvox hyphae
c) Chlamydomonas chlorophyll
d) Chlorella filamentous form
e) mycelium unicellular

Q10: Eukaryotic microorganisms which are best known for their saprophytic nutrition.
Ans: Fungi
Q11: Write one similarity and one difference between cell of fungi and algae.
Ans: Similarity: Both of them have presence of cell wall.
Difference: Algae have cholorophyll but fungi do not have.
Q12: Draw labelled diagram of Fungi.
Ans:
Q13:  What is one peculiar characteristic of protozoa?
Ans: They show good amount of mobility like animals. E.g. Amoeba, Paramecium and Euglena.
Q14: Name a microorganism which is neither alive nor to be dead.
Ans: Virus
Q15: Explain the structure of bacteriophage.
Ans: Bacteriophage is a virus that consists of following parts:
a) HEAD: A strand of nucleic acid ,DNA or RNA surrounded by a protective protein coat(the capsid).
b) NECK:  It has collar connecting neck with head surrounded by a sheath.
c) TAIL:  It has tail fibres attached with base plate of neck.
Q16: Diseases caused by Virus:
Ans: AIDS , Polio, Swine Flu, Common cold, Influenza.
Q17: What is Fermentation?
Ans: A process of producing acids, alcohol and many other products when microorganisms are allowed to respire and release gases such as carbon dioxide by mixing with food products. E.g. yeast (fungus) and Acetobacter (bacteria) are used for making Vinegar, alcohol, wine and fruit juices.
Q18:  Write benefits of mushrooms.
Ans: These are used in making soups and as toppings for pizzas. They are rich in protein and Vitamin B. They are good for health as they contain limited amount of fats and virtually free from Cholestrol.
Q19: How do lactobacilli make curd when mixed with Milk?
Ans: They produce lactic acid for the formation of curd.
Q20: Which of the following is not fermentation?
a) Formation of curd
b) Formation of vinegar
c) Formation of Iodine from brown algae
d) Formation of cakes
Q21: Which of the following is an incorrect match?
a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek — microorganisms
b. Alexander Fleming — penicillin
c. Edward Jenner — vaccination
d. Louis Pasteur — fermentation
Q22: Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a. Volvox is a variety of green algae. b. Iodine is obtained from brown algae.
c. Algae are microbes which lack chlorophyll. d. Diatoms have a cell wall made of silica.
Q23: Choose the correct option.
1. …………………….. have DNA and RNA as the generic material surrounded by a protein coat
(Viruses / Bacteria).
2. Introduction of a small amount of an antigen in the body is called ………………….
(immunization/ inoculation).
3. ………………… trap nitrogen from air and change it into nitrogenous compounds.
(Azotobacter/Aertobacter)
4. The proteinaceous covering surrounding the cell wall of a bacterium is called
………………….. (capsule / shell).
5. Curd is formed when a protein called …………………… present in milk coagulates and
forms a solid mass with the help of Lactobacillious acidophilus (casein / keratin)
6. Penicillin is obtained from fungus called ____________________.
7.
Q24: What is a vaccine?
Ans: A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. It consists of an agent that resembles a disease causing microorganism. It is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or proteins. The immune system responds to fight against these foreign bodies and produces special proteins called ANTIBODIES.
Q25: Write major uses of microbes.
Ans:1) Present inside stomach of ruminants and Human beings
2) Nitrogen fixing bacteria
3) Bacteria used in processing of leather
4) Production of Bio-gas
5) Agar obtained from Red and Brown algae is used for thickening soups and preparing Jellies.
6) Oil-eating bacteria like Pseudomonas
Q26: Write a note on harmful microbes.
Ans: Diseases causing microorganisms are called pathogens or germs. Some common diseases caused by microbes are cholera, common cold, tuberculosis, cancer etc. They can enter our body through various modes such as air, water and used clothes. They also get transmitted by direct contact or through a carrier.
Q27: What are methods of food preservation?
Ans: 1) Use of chemicals like SODIUM BENZOAE and POTASSIUM METABISULPHATE in squahes, sherbets and ketchups.
2) Salt and sugar for preserving fish and meat.
3) Drying decreases moisture in the food and increase the shelf life.
4) Canning in vacuum after heating at high temperature because lack of air restricts growth of microorganisms.
5) Pasteurization:  Sudden heating and cooling of milk kills and prevents multiplication of bacteria.
6) Radiation: To kill germs.